7.9 ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF MAN




Fossils 
Year of existence 
Cranial capacity
Place of occurrence 
Character
Dryopithecus
15 mya


  • They were hairy and walked like gorillas and chimpanzees.
  • more ape-like 
Ramapithecus
15 mya
600 cc
Sivalik hills India
  • They were hairy and walked like gorillas and chimpanzees.
  • more man-like 
Australopithecines
Two mya

African grasslands
·         Evidence shows they hunted with stone weapons
·          but essentially ate fruit.
Homo habilis
2 mya
650-800cc

·         first human-like being the hominid
·         They probably did not eat meat
·          
Homo erectus
about 1.5 mya.
900cc
Fossils discovered in Java in 1891
·         probably ate meat
·         probably used fire
·         omnivore
·         Java man (Java island)
·         Pecking man (china)
Neanderthal man
1,00,000- 40,000 years back
1400cc
lived in near east and central Asia
·         They used hides to protect their body and buried their dead.
Homo sapiens
75,000-10,000 years ago
1300 to 1600 at an average 1450 cc
arose in Africa and moved across continents and developed into distinct races. 
  • Pre-historic cave art developed about 18,000 years ago. 
·         Agriculture came around 10,000 years back and human settlements started.




WHAT ARE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN Hominoids & Hominids ?

  • 1)The term Hominoid refers to great apes and humans collectively. On the other hand, Hominids refer to humans and all species more closely related to humans.
  • 2) Hominoids have smaller brain while Hominids have larger brain. 
  • 3) Hominoids are quadrupeds but with flexible forelimbs.




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